A few specific guidelines to consider in preparing either type of abstract follow: ▪ Consult the journal’s instructions for authors.▪ Follow the journal’s specific sideheadings when preparing a structured abstract.▪ Do not begin the abstract by repeating the title.▪ Do not cite references.▪ Provide absolute results for main outcome measures (eg, report incidence rates rather than reporting only relative risks). In addition, provide confidence intervals whenever possible (if not, provide P values) (see , Study Design and Statistics, The Manuscript: Presenting Study Design, Rationale, and Statistical Analysis).▪ Include major terms and describe databases and study groups (related to the subject ...
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