3 References

1. Hopkins response to FDA observations [news release]. Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins Office of Communications and Public Affairs; September 7, 2001. http://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/press/2001/SEPTEMBER/010907A.htm. Accessed February 26, 2004.2. If you want to quit for good your doctor can help [patient brochure]. Kansas City, MO: Merrell Dow Pharmaceuticals; 1984. http://www.pmdocs.com/PDF/2023799793_9794_0.pdf. Accessed February 26, 2004. ...Less

References to newspapers should include the following, in the order indicated: (1) name of author (if given), (2) title of article, (3) name of newspaper, (4) date of newspaper, (5) section (if applicable), and (6) page numbers. Note: Newspaper names are not abbreviated. If a city name is not part of the newspaper name, it may be added to the official name, for clarity, as with Minneapolis in example 1. See example 5 for how to treat an article that “ jumps” from one page to a later page (see also , References to Print Journals, Discontinuous Pagination). 1. Wolfe W. ...Less

In all titles, follow the guidelines recommended for use of italics or roman in non English words and phrases (see , Non English Words, Phrases, and Accent Marks, Non English Words, Phrases, and Titles, Use of Italics). For example, even if In Vivo or In Vitro were set italic in a cited title, JAMA and the Archives Journals would set these in roman type. ...Less

In non English-language titles, capitalization does not necessarily follow the same rules as in English-language titles. For example, in German titles (both articles and books), all nouns and only nouns are capitalized; typically, in French, Spanish, and Italian book titles, capitalize only the first word, proper names, and abbreviations that are capitalized in English. As with English-language books, government bulletins, documents, and pamphlets, italicize the title.Non English-language titles may be given as they originally appeared, without translation: 1. Richartz E, Schott KJ, Wormstall H. Psychopharmakotherapie bei Demenzerkrankungen. Dtsch Med Wochenschr. 2004;129(25/26):1434-1440.2. Ohayon MM. Prevalencia y factores de riesgo de cefaleas ...Less

References should be numbered consecutively with arabic numerals in the order in which they are cited in the text. Unnumbered references, in the form of a resource or reading list, are rarely used in JAMA and the Archives Journals. When they are used, these references appear alphabetically, by the first author’s last name, in a list separate from the specifically cited reference list. ...Less

These are treated much the same as a “presented at” reference (see , Special Print Materials, Unpublished Material), with the addition of the URL and the accessed date. 1. Chu H, Rosenthal M. Search engines for the World Wide Web: a comparative study and evaluation methodology. Paper presented at: American Society for Information Science 1996 Annual Conference; October 19 24, 1996; Baltimore, MD. http://www.asis.org/annual-96/electronicproceedings/chu.html. Accessed February 26, 2004.2. Collins F. Talk presented at: National Human Research Protections Advisory Committee; April 9, 2001; Bethesda, MD. http://www.hhs.gov/ohrp/nhrpac/mtg04-01/0409mtg.txt. Accessed February 26, 2004.The presentation in example 2 did not have a title; hence, the ...Less

UPDATE: Where the discussion of citing something published online ahead of print occurs, we will henceforth drop the words "ahead of print" before the date something was posted Online First. This change was made June 1, 2012.The basic format for reference to an article in an online journal is as follows: Author(s). Title. Journal Name [using National Library of Medicine abbreviations see , Abbreviations, Names of Journals]. Year;vol(issue No.):inclusive pages. URL [provide the URL in this field; no need to use “URL:” preceding it]. Published [date]. Updated [date]. Accessed [date].Note: Use the URL that will take the reader most directly ...Less

Except for the citation of the URL and the accessed date, the format is the same as that for citing a print newspaper reference shown in , Special Print Materials, Newspapers. 1. Weiss R. The promise of precision prescriptions. Washington Post. June 24, 2000:A1. http://www.washingtonpost.com. Accessed October 10, 2001.2. Perez-Pena R. Children in shelters hit hard by asthma. New York Times. March 2, 2004. http://www.nytimes.com/2004/03/02/nyregion/02asthma.html. Accessed March 2, 2004. ...Less

Occasionally, references may include citation of audiotapes, videotapes, or DVDs. The form for such references is as follows: 1. Moyers B. On Our Own Terms: Moyers on Dying [videotape]. New York, NY: Thirteen/WNET; 2000.2. Ayers S. Terrorism: Medical Response [DVD]. Edgartown, MA: Emergency Film Group; 2002.3. Acland RD. Acland’s DVD Atlas of Human Anatomy [DVD]. Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2003.Note that the place of the author may be held by the host and the place of the publisher may be held by the distributor.For citation format for books on CD, see , Electronic References, Books and Books on ...Less

Package inserts (the printed material about the use and effects of the product contained in the package) may be cited as follows: 1. Cialis [package insert]. Indianapolis, IN: Eli Lilly & Co; 2003.2. ZstatFlu [package insert]. Oklahoma City, OK: ZymeTx Inc; 2000. ...Less