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Blood coagulation is the phase of clot formation dependent on plasma coagulation factors (also known as clotting factors). The laboratory evaluation of plasma factor-dependent coagulation has been divided into 2 pathways (systems, phases). The following terms and synonyms are used: An international system of nomenclature, formulated from 1954 through 1963,, clarified clotting factor terminology and, as Biggs observed, scientific findings in coagulation, when factors identified and named independently by different groups were shown to be the same. A major update to the standard nomenclature was published by Blomback et al, in the early 1990s. A number of clotting factors were Less