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Commonly Used Symbols
Stephen J. Lurie
in AMA Manual of Style: A Guide for Authors and Editors (10th edition)
Some commonly used symbols are as follows: The following symbols are usually reserved for specific values For a list of additional symbols that are used in statistics, see , Study Design and ...
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Copy Marking
Stephen J. Lurie
in AMA Manual of Style: A Guide for Authors and Editors (10th edition)
It is essential to mark carefully each character, letter, and symbol that may be mistaken for another form (eg, x, X, χ2, ×2, 2x, x2). The following examples show correct markup for complex relations ...
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Displayed vs Run-In
Stephen J. Lurie
in AMA Manual of Style: A Guide for Authors and Editors (10th edition)
Simple formulas may remain within the text of the manuscript if they can be set on the line: The pulmonary vascular resistance index (PVRI) was calculated as follows: PVRI = (MPAP − PCWP)/CI, where ...
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Expressing Multiplication and Division
Stephen J. Lurie
in AMA Manual of Style: A Guide for Authors and Editors (10th edition)
The product of 2 or more terms, including units of measure, is conventionally indicated by a raised multiplication dot (·) (eg, 7 kg · m2) or by 2 or more characters closed up (eg, y = mx + b). ...
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Fractional Exponents vs Radicals
Stephen J. Lurie
in AMA Manual of Style: A Guide for Authors and Editors (10th edition)
Use of radicals may sometimes be avoided by substituting a fractional exponent: (a2−b2)1/2instead of a2−b2. As with unstacking fractions, if clarity is sacrificed by making the equation fit within ...
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Logarithmic Expressions
Stephen J. Lurie
in AMA Manual of Style: A Guide for Authors and Editors (10th edition)
The term log is an abbreviation of logarithm. A system of logarithms may be based on any number, although logarithmic systems based on the numbers 10, 2, and the irrational number e are most common. ...
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Long Formulas
Stephen J. Lurie
in AMA Manual of Style: A Guide for Authors and Editors (10th edition)
Long formulas may be given in 2 or more lines by breaking them at operation signs outside brackets or parentheses and keeping the indention the same whenever possible (some formulas may be too long ...
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Mathematical Composition
Stephen J. Lurie
in AMA Manual of Style: A Guide for Authors and Editors (10th edition)
Mathematical formulas and other expressions involving special symbols, character positions, and relationships may present difficulties in clarity in print and online publications. Careful ...
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Negative Exponents
Stephen J. Lurie
in AMA Manual of Style: A Guide for Authors and Editors (10th edition)
A negative exponent denotes the reciprocal of the expression, as illustrated in these examples: x−n= 1/xn A−1 = 1/A B−2 = 1/B2 A negative exponent may simplify some expressions within running text: ...
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Punctuation
Stephen J. Lurie
in AMA Manual of Style: A Guide for Authors and Editors (10th edition)
Punctuation after a set-off equation is helpful and often clarifies the meaning. Display equations are often preceded by punctuation. In the linear quadratic equation model, the survival probability ...
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