Inhibition of Coagulation and Fibrinolysis
15.7.4 Inhibition of Coagulation and Fibrinolysis
Inhibition of Coagulation.
The following sample terms are included for reference. Expand at first mention in accordance with 14.11, Abbreviations, Clinical, Technical, and Other Common Terms.
Term |
Abbreviation |
|---|---|
α1-antitrypsin |
AAT |
α2-macroglobulin |
AMG |
antithrombin III |
ATIII |
α-ATIII isoform |
α-ATIII |
β-ATIII isoform |
β-ATIII |
ATIII/heparin complex |
… |
C1 inhibitor |
C1 INH (see also 15.8.3, Immunology, Complement) |
heparin cofactor II |
… |
lupus coagulation inhibitor (also called lupus anticoagulant) |
LCI |
protein C |
… |
activated protein C |
APC |
protein S |
… |
protein Z |
… |
serpin (serine protease inhibitor) |
… |
tissue factor pathway inhibitor |
TFPI |
Note: Protein C was named for an investigator’s chromatographic fraction C in which it was discovered. The S in protein S refers to Seattle, where it was discovered. Protein S is not the same as S protein; see also 15.8.3, Complement.
Fibrinolysis (Fibrin Degradation, Clot Degradation, Thrombolysis).
The following sample terms represent entities that take part in fibrinolysis or its inhibition. Expand at first mention in accordance with 14.11, Abbreviations, Clinical, Technical, and Other Common Terms:
Term |
Abbreviation |
|---|---|
α2-plasmin inhibitor, α2-antiplasmin |
α2PI |
aminocaproic acid (amicar) |
ACA |
ε-ACA |
EACA |
dimerized plasmin fragment D |
D-dimer |
fibrin degradation products or fibrin split products |
FDP or FSP |
Glu-plasminogen (see also “Amino Acids” in 15.6.1, Genetics, Nucleic Acids and Amino Acids) |
… |
Lys-plasminogen (see also “Amino Acids” in 15.6.1, Genetics, Nucleic Acids and Amino Acids) |
… |
a plasminogen activator inhibitor |
PAI-1 |
protein C inhibitor |
PAI-3 |
thrombin-activated fibrinolytic inhibitor |
TAFI |
tissue plasminogen activator (when a specific therapeutic formulation of tPA is intended, use the USAN term; see 15.4, Drugs) |
tPA |
tPA receptor |
tPAR |
urokinase or urinary plasminogen activator |
uPA |
uPA receptor |
uPAR |
Tests of Coagulation.
Two among several tests of coagulation are the prothrombin time (PT) and the partial thromboplastin time (PTT). When the more common activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) is used instead of the PTT, this should be specified.
Traditionally, the prothrombin ratio (PTR) had been reported as a ratio of the patient’s PT to the mean laboratory control PT. Reporting the PTR has been refined by use of a modified PTR, the international normalized ratio (INR).14-16 In accordance with a 1985 policy statement of the International Committee for Thrombosis and Hemostasis and the International Committee for Standardization in Hematology,14 authors are encouraged to report the INR if at all possible. Unlike conversions between conventional and SI units (see 18.1, Units of Measure, SI Units), there is no simple conversion factor from the PTR to the INR since the international sensitivity index (ISI) of the thromboplastin used in the actual assay performed must be known. The INR is calculated as shown:
INR = PTRISI
Authors should specify the exact method by which their results were initially reported by the laboratory performing the assay and the method of conversion, if any, used on the original results.