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AMA Manual of Style (10th edition ed.) : A Guide for Authors and Editors

AMA Manual of Style Committee

Publisher:
Oxford University Press
Print Publication Date:
Mar 2007
Print ISBN-13:
9780195176339
Published to AMA Manual of Style:
Apr 2009
DOI:
10.1093/jama/9780195176339.001.0001
© American Medical Association

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Contents

Crossover Trials

Chapter:
Study Design and Statistics
Author(s):

Margaret A. Winker,

Stephen J. Lurie

In a crossover trial, participants receive more than 1 of the treatments under investigation, usually in a randomly determined sequence, and with a prespecified amount of time (a “washout period”) between sequential treatments. The participants and the investigators are generally blinded to the treatment assignment (double-blinded). This experimental design is often used for evaluating drug treatments. Each participant serves as his or her own control, thereby eliminating variability when comparing treatment effects and reducing the sample size needed to detect a significant effect. Most considerations of parallel-design randomized trials apply. Rather than indicating which participants were assigned to which condition,

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