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Copying, Reproducing, Adapting, and Other Uses of Content.
Annette Flanagin
in AMA Manual of Style: A Guide for Authors and Editors (11th ed.)
To copy or reproduce an entire work without authorization from the copyright owner constitutes copyright infringement. However, a reasonable type and amount of copying of a copyrighted work is permitted under the fair use provisions of US copyright law.16 (§107) What constitutes fair use of copyrighted material in a given case depends on the following 4 factors...
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Copyright Assignment or License.
Annette Flanagin
in AMA Manual of Style: A Guide for Authors and Editors (11th ed.)
Typically, copyright of a work vests initially with the author of the work. As copyright owner, an author may transfer rights to a publisher by copyright assignment, exclusive license, or nonexclusive license.16 , 64 , 73 A broadly worded exclusive license may provide much of the same rights to publishers as would a copyright transfer agreement. Thus, an owner of an exclusive assignment (through either copyright transfer or broadly worded exclusive license) may produce derivative works and sublicense specific rights to others. Some publishers permit authors to retain certain rights to their works, even when assigning copyright or granting an exclusive license (such as making copies for educational purposes, posting a copy on a personal or institutional website, or depositing a copy in an institutional or other repository to comply with research funding requirements). A nonexclusive license for publication permits a publisher certain rights to publish and disseminate work, but the copyright remains with the author, who retains control over access, use, and distribution....
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Copyright Notice and Registration.
Annette Flanagin
in AMA Manual of Style: A Guide for Authors and Editors (11th ed.)
Although use of a copyright notice is not required under copyright law, the US Copyright Office strongly recommends use of such a notice.60 A copyright notice for all visual copies of a work should contain the following 3 elements16 (§401): The word “Copyright,” the abbreviation “Copr,” or the symbol ©,...
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Copyright Resources.
Annette Flanagin
in AMA Manual of Style: A Guide for Authors and Editors (11th ed.)
Additional information about copyright law may be obtained from several sources. For a detailed legal account, consult Perle and Williams on Publishing Law 62 or Nimmer on Copyright 64 (although these resources are expensive and may be best consulted via a library that has these in its holdings). Other useful texts include the ...
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Copyright: Definition, History, and Current Law.
Annette Flanagin
in AMA Manual of Style: A Guide for Authors and Editors (11th ed.)
Copyright is a term used to describe the legal right of authors to control the communication and reproduction of their original works of authorship, and in the United States, it has its basis in the US Constitution.1 , 16 Copyright law provides for the protection of rights of parties involved in the creation and dissemination of intellectual property. While a variety of people and entities derive benefits from copyright laws (authors, publishers, editors, composers, artists, and the producers of video and audio broadcasts and programs, films, websites, computer programs, applications, and software), few thoroughly understand the law and its basic applications. This section discusses current copyright laws and applications in scientific publishing. Copyright laws, scope, and protections vary by country (...
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Intellectual Property: Ownership, Access, Rights, and Management.
Annette Flanagin
in AMA Manual of Style: A Guide for Authors and Editors (11th ed.)
[Will copyright survive the new technologies?] That question is about as bootless as asking whether politics will survive democracy. The real question is what steps it will take to ensure that the promised new era of information and entertainment survives copyright. History offers a clue....
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International Copyright Protection.
Annette Flanagin
in AMA Manual of Style: A Guide for Authors and Editors (11th ed.)
There is no international copyright law.67 Copyright law, scope, protections, and remedies are governed by individual nations and treaties among them. Thus, copyright laws do not automatically protect an author’s work throughout the world. However, most countries offer protection to works from other nations....
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Moral Rights.
Annette Flanagin
in AMA Manual of Style: A Guide for Authors and Editors (11th ed.)
Moral rights, first introduced by the French as droit moral, is a doctrine of copyright law intended to protect individual creators’ noneconomic investments in their work and the personality of the creator as it relates to the work regardless of copyright ownership or transfer.62...
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Ownership and Control of Data.
Annette Flanagin
in AMA Manual of Style: A Guide for Authors and Editors (11th ed.)
Conceptual application of the term property to scientific knowledge is not new, but advances in science and technology, economic factors, regulations, and policies have fueled disputes, concerns, and changes in attitude about data ownership, control, transparency, and access.1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7...
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