Annette Flanagin
in
Authorship disputes sometimes occur. For example, 10% of researchers who have received a grant from the US National Institutes of Health admitted to assigning authorship “inappropriately.”50 In surveys of plastic surgeon authors, 29% reported being involved in a dispute with a colleague over authorship issues in 2003, and 22% reported being involved in such disputes in 2011....
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Annette Flanagin
in
Some judge of authors’ names, not works, and then
Nor praise nor blame the writings, but the men.
Alexander Pope
1
Nearly 70 years ago, Richard M. Hewitt, MD, then head of the Section of Publications at the Mayo Clinic, described the ethics of authorship in a ...
Annette Flanagin
in
Authorship offers significant professional and personal rewards, but these rewards are accompanied by substantial responsibility. During the 1980s, biomedical editors began requiring contributors to meet specific criteria for authorship. These criteria were first developed for medical journals under the initiative of Edward J. Huth, MD,...
Annette Flanagin
in
Changes made in authorship (ie, order, addition, and deletion of authors) should be discussed and approved by all authors.9
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12 Any requests for changes in authorship after initial manuscript submission and before publication should be explained in writing to the editor in a letter signed by all authors, or if sent by email, all authors should be copied (ie, included as recipients of the email). ...
Annette Flanagin
in
In the case of death or incapacitation of an author during the manuscript submission and review or publication process, a family member, an individual with power of attorney, or the corresponding author can confirm that the deceased or incapacitated person should be listed as an author. In this event, the corresponding author can forward correspondence from the individual representing the deceased author and can provide information on the deceased or incapacitated author’s contributions. Designation that an author is deceased can be made in the Acknowledgment or Article Information section of the manuscript/article (...
Annette Flanagin
in
Group, collaborative, or corporate authorship usually involves multicenter study investigators, members of working groups, and official or self-appointed expert boards, panels, or committees (see Box 5.1-1). These groups can comprise hundreds of participants and often represent complex, multidisciplinary and multinational collaborations; therefore, decisions about listing group authorship pose several problems and dilemmas for authors, editors, journals, librarians, and bibliographic databases...
Annette Flanagin
in
At least 1 author must be responsible for any part of an article crucial to its main conclusions, and everyone listed as an author must have made a substantial contribution to that specific article.5 As described in 5.1.1, Authorship: Definition, Criteria, Contributions, and Requirements, many journals require authors to complete statements of authorship responsibility and to indicate specific contributions of all authors. In addition to improving the transparency of author responsibility, accountability, and credit, these policies may help eliminate guest authors and identify ghost authors....
Annette Flanagin
in
The number of authors whose names appear in the byline of scientific papers increased steadily during the second half of the 20th century.38 Data from MEDLINE/PubMed of more than 29 million indexed articles indicate an average increase in the number of authors per article from 1.9 before 1975 to 5.81 in 2015-2019....
Annette Flanagin
in
Before proposals for identifying authors’ contributions began to be implemented, proposed guides for determining order of authorship ranged from simple alphabetical listings to mathematical formulas for assessing specific levels of individual contributions.44
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45
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46 However, even the most systematic calculations of contribution levels will require some measure of subjective judgment, and determination of order of authors is best done by the authors’ collective assessment of each author’s level of contribution. Moreover, as Rennie et al...
Annette Flanagin
in
To ensure appropriate display in print and online journals as well as indexing, search, and retrieval in bibliometric databases, journals should follow standards for tagging (coding) the names of authors, nonauthor collaborators, and group authors. The National Information Standards Organization and the National Library of Medicine have produced the Journal Article Tag Suite (JATS) to define a set of XML elements and attributes that describe the content and metadata of journal articles....
